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When Robert Peary was a boy he would make 25-mile hikes every week. In 1898 he
made his first attempt to reach the North Pole. He had prepared himself well
for polar exploration by studying the Inuit people who were native to the
land. From them he learned how to build igloos, drive a dog sled, and make
warm clothing out of animal skins. On the first expedition eight of his toes
froze and had to be removed. On his second expedition both his legs were
broken in a ship accident, but still he pushed on. When he was 25 years old he
joined the Navy, and after his eighth expedition he was promoted to the rank
of Admiral. Sometimes he had trouble getting time off from his Naval duties
to go on the expeditions. On his third trip to Greenland he discovered three
of the world's largest meteorites. He gave lectures to raise money, and by
1908 he had raised enough to finance his eighth expedition. On the final part
of the trip he was accompanied by five men; Matthew Henson, an African
American, and four Inuits. On April 7, 1909 he realized his dream of reaching
the North Pole. When he returned home, he learned that another man, Frederick
Cook, claimed to have reached the pole a year earlier on April 21, 1908. Peary
and his men tried to disprove Cook's claim. Cook was eventually pardoned, but
his reputation was ruined. There was also controversy concerning Matthew
Henson, who also claimed that while he was in Peary's party, he was the first
one to reach the Pole location. Robert Peary died in 1920. He was 63 years
old. Peary had a son by an Inuit woman. This son later visited his father's
family and his gravesite in Arlington National Cemetery in Washington, D.C.